Abstracts

 

The Estimation of Intra - Industry Trade Index in Iran

 

Akbar Nafari, Ph.D        Saeed Rasekhi, M.A.

 

INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE / INDEX / MANUFACTURING SECTOR / IRAN

 

In this paper the Intra - Industry trade Index in manufacturing sector of Iran (both in bilateral and multilateral level) is estimated. The period under investigation is 1994-1998. According to the results obtained the share of Intra - Industry - trade of the country from the total volume of trade in manufacturing sector is not considerable. The estimated bilateral IIT Indexes for selected developing countries and the rest of the world for the year 1998 are 2.56 and 13.21 respectively. These figures are far less than the respective figures of developed and developing countries and the East and South East Asian Countries.

Taking into account that the topic of intra-industry trade is a new field of study in the world in general and in Iran in particular, therefore it warrants special attention by both academia and policy decision making circles.

 

The Nutritional Performance of Urban and Rural Households and the Determination

 of the Effectiveness of Household Expenses for Meeting Their Nutritive

 Requirements: An Application of Linear Programming Technique

Farhad Khodadad Kashi, Ph.D         Khalil Heidary, M.A.

 

        

THE NUTRITIONAL PERFORMANCE / URBAN AND RURAL HOUSEHOLDS / LINEAR PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUE

 

The nutritional performance of households depends on various factors such as their income level, market access to foodstuff and the degree of their knowledge in nutrition. In recent years there has been much discussion and intensive debate regarding the optimum consumption pattern in Iran. Among other proposals, the experts have put a great deal of emphasis on the access of households to diversified nutritious substances.

 In economics, the optimum or efficiency food consumption pattern could be defined as a pattern which could ensure the access to diversified food substances of high nutritious values (such as enriched calorie, protein, mineral resources and other high quality food ingredients)

In this paper, the nutritional performance of Iranian households is evaluated by employing the linear programming method. Then the minimum and efficient costs for meeting the appropriate nutritious requirements are computed and for this purpose the proposed pattern by experts in the field is utilized.

The findings of the paper indicate that in determining their composition of the nutritional basket, the rural and urban households in Iran have acted efficiently. Furthermore the results also demonstrate that the households have efficiently allocated their resources among different foodstuff items and in line and consistent with the recommendations of the nutrition experts.

Export Potentials of Iran to South Korea: An Estimation Using

Simulation Model of Bilateral Trade Potentials (TradeSim)

 

Yahya Fathi, M.A.

 

EXPORT POTENTIALS / IRAN / SOUTH KOREA / TRADE SIM

 

The identification of trade and economic potentials of major trading partners is the main prerequisite for the expansion of foreign trade. This process would facilitate the prudent policy decision making for enhancing the volume of bilateral trade to its optimum and desired level, which in turn is mutually beneficial to both parties engaged in trade.

South Korea is one of the major trading partners of Iran. This country is demonstrating a good performance in industrial and trade performance and hence is increasing its trade potentials. Therefore the identification of these potentials could provide a good basis for expanding bilateral trade between the two countries.

In this paper attempts have been made to estimate the export potentials of Iran to this country and for this purpose the Simulation Model of Bilateral Trade Potentials is utilized.

Analysis of the Law of One Price

in the Farm Products Markets of Iran

 

Esmaiel Abounoori, Ph.D          Mojtaba Mojaverian, Ph.D

 

LAW OF ONE PRICE/ AGRICULTURAL MARKETS/ STATIONARITY/ INTEGRATION/ COINTEGRATION/ IRAN

 

Agricultural product market is spatial market in which the producer and the consumer are distributed at different locations.  The Law of One Price (LOP) would reduce the risk, increase production and income, food security, social welfare and affects on income distribution. The purpose in this research has been to analyze the LOP via continuity and to evaluate the types of continuity among five selected farm products within nine main cities, as well as for the whole products in the agricultural sector. Monthly statistical data during 1982-1999, (including 10000 items) is used.  In order to test the main hypotheses, we have applied the Ravalion model using stationary data.  The results have shown that in most cases the strong continuity and short term continuity is rejected.  Thus, farm products market are far from ideal.  Long-run continuity is estimated to be about 39 percent. The type of relationships between markets is from price setter to price taker; in all markets but onion, the producer’s market dominates the prices. Identification of this dominant markets would help the policymakers to monitor the markets within the right ranges.  This in turn would reduce costs and accelerate the effects of agricultural policies.  According to the results obtained, we would suggest to analyze the agricultural product markets in Iran, using imperfect competition structure.

 

After Sale Consumer Services:

A Case Study of Xerox Company in Isfahan Province

 

Bahram Ranjbarian, Ph.D         Majid Rashid Kaboli, Ph.D

Hagh Shenas, Eng.       Zahra Yavari, M.A.

 

AFTER SALE CONSUMER SERVICES / XEROX COMPANY /ISFAHAN PROVINCE

 

The high quality after sale services play a crucial role in maintaining the market share and promoting the volume of sale and attraction of new customers. To provide such services taking due account of the taste of consumers and living up with their expectations are of outmost importance.

In this paper the degree of satisfaction of customers from the post sale services rendered by Xerox Company in Isfahan province is verified and for this purpose while utilizing questionnaire, the simple random sampling technique is employed.

The results demonstrate that the equality of technical services rendered, the costs endured by consumers for receiving such services and the behavior of manpower in charge of providing such services, are satisfactory to the customers and are in line with their expectations. However the degree of satisfaction is uneven among those three categories of services. In other words, the satisfaction from the quality of technical services and behavior and conduct of the personnel is higher than the costs for receiving of services.

Ranking of Iranian Industries on the Basis of Their Potentials and Capabilities in

International Marketing and E - Commerce

 

Khodadad Hosseini, Ph.D   Saeed Fathi, M.A.

 

RANKING OF IRANIAN INDUSTRIES / INTERNATIONAL MARKETING /
 E-COMMERCE / EXPORT / ISIC CODES

 

One of the major requirements for the successful implementation of the export leap strategy is the recognition of the important role which E-Commerce could play in the field of international trade. On the other hand expansion of E-Commerce, requires investment in its own infrastructure. Therefore the identification of priority areas for E-Commerce infrastructure investment is of outmost importance.

In this paper for the purpose of expanding E - Commerce and to identify the priority areas for investment in this field a model has been developed. In this model different industries are ranked in terms of their capabilities and potentials for getting market access through E - Commerce.

  The results include the ranking of industries by utilizing four and two digit ISIC codes. Furthermore the paper also proposes strategies for enhancing the degree of success of industries in market access through E-Commerce.